Subject(s)
Acrodermatitis , COVID-19 , Humans , Adult , COVID-19 Vaccines , SARS-CoV-2 , VaccinationABSTRACT
Acrodermatitis Enteropathica is a rare hereditary condition characterized by perioral dermatitis, diarrhoea, and alopecia. Aetiology includes autosomal recessive inheritance and acquired causes such as protein malnutrition, malabsorption syndromes, premature births, parenteral nutrition, chronic illnesses, and alcoholism. We report a rare case of a 12-year-old boy who presented with cutaneous manifestations involving the whole body, diarrhoea, and sparse hairs. A low level of plasma zinc, and alkaline phosphatase level was found, and he was started on zinc supplements. He significantly improved in a few days, and was discharged after counselling the parents about treatment compliance. This case highlights importance of early diagnosis, and the importance of treatment compliance in Acrodermatitis Enteropathica. It also stresses the need to take measures to ensure the provision of health facilities especially in remote areas.
Subject(s)
Acrodermatitis , COVID-19 , Male , Humans , Child , COVID-19/complications , Communicable Disease Control , Zinc/therapeutic use , Acrodermatitis/diagnosis , Acrodermatitis/etiology , DiarrheaSubject(s)
Acrodermatitis , COVID-19 , Acrodermatitis/diagnosis , COVID-19/complications , Humans , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau is a sterile pustular dermatosis primarily of the digits. Often considered a type of pustular psoriasis, it may be difficult to diagnose and even more difficult to treat. Initial involvement of a distal finger or toe may appear as erythema which should not be confused with the chilblains-like findings potentially associated with COVID-19 infection. We review the clinical manifestations of and explore potential therapeutic options for this uncommon, clinically striking dermatosis.
Subject(s)
Acrodermatitis , COVID-19 , Psoriasis , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous , Acrodermatitis/diagnosis , Extremities , Humans , Psoriasis/diagnosisABSTRACT
Zinc can play a pathophysiological role in several diseases and can interfere in key processes of microbial growth. This evidence justifies the efforts in applying Zinc ionophores to restore Zinc homeostasis and treat bacterial/viral infections such as coronavirus diseases. Zinc ionophores increase the intracellular concentration of Zinc ions causing significant biological effects. This review provides, for the first time, an overview of the applications of the main Zinc ionophores in Zinc deficiency, infectious diseases, and in cancer, discussing the pharmacological and coordination properties of the Zinc ionophores.
Subject(s)
Communicable Diseases/drug therapy , Ionophores/chemistry , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Zinc/chemistry , Zinc/pharmacology , Acrodermatitis/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Homeostasis/drug effects , Humans , Ionophores/pharmacology , Zinc/deficiency , COVID-19 Drug TreatmentSubject(s)
Acrodermatitis/diagnosis , Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Purpura/diagnosis , Acrodermatitis/blood , Acrodermatitis/etiology , Acrodermatitis/pathology , Adolescent , Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity , Biopsy , COVID-19 , COVID-19 Testing , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Coronavirus Infections/blood , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/virology , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/blood , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/virology , Prothrombin Time , Purpura/blood , Purpura/complications , Purpura/pathology , SARS-CoV-2 , Skin/pathologyABSTRACT
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the growing body of literature has largely focused on the adult population. Reported symptoms among children appear to be consistent with those in adults, including fever, respiratory symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms, though children may experience an overall milder disease course. Viral exanthems with possible association to COVID-19 have been reported in pediatric patients. We describe a 10-month-old boy with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome in the setting of recent SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive testing to increase physician awareness and add to the collection of cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Acrodermatitis , COVID-19 , Exanthema , Acrodermatitis/diagnosis , Acrodermatitis/etiology , Child , Exanthema/diagnosis , Exanthema/etiology , Humans , Infant , Male , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic caused by the "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2), which was isolated for the first time in Wuhan (China) in December 2019. Common symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, dyspnea and hypogeusia/hyposmia. Among extrapulmonary signs associated with COVID-19, dermatological manifestations have been increasingly reported in the last few months. SUMMARY: The polymorphic nature of COVID-19-associated cutaneous manifestations led our group to propose a classification, which distinguishes the following six main clinical patterns: (i) urticarial rash, (ii) confluent erythematous/maculopapular/morbilliform rash, (iii) papulovesicular exanthem, (iv) chilblain-like acral pattern, (v) livedo reticularis/racemosa-like pattern, (vi) purpuric "vasculitic" pattern. This review summarizes the current knowledge on COVID-19-associated cutaneous manifestations, focusing on clinical features and therapeutic management of each category and attempting to give an overview of the hypothesized pathophysiological mechanisms of these conditions.